最新刊期
卷 51 ， 期 5 ， 2026
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摘要：In order to address the global climate change challenge and achieve the “carbon neutrality” goal, carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technology has become a key approach to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Among them, capturing and converting CO2 into cyclic carbonates has significant economic and environmental advantages and is considered one of the most promising carbon capture and utilization technologies for industrial application. The mechanism of CO2 cycloaddition reaction with epoxides was reviewed, and the limitations of traditional catalytic systems, such as poor recyclability and lack of nucleophilic groups were pointed out. The synthesis methods of ionic liquid/metal-organic framework (IL/MOF) composite materials were emphasized, including in-situ encapsulation, pre-modification, and post-modification. The catalytic performances of IL/MOF composite materials were analyzed and the current challenges of poor stability, easy loss of active components and so on were pointed out. Future research should focus on constructing micro-mesoporous MOF carriers to fully utilize the structural advantages of multi-level pores for the purpose of further improving the catalytic performances of IL/MOF composite materials, and developing green, low-energy and efficient IL/MOF composite materials suitable for the chemical conversion of low-concentration CO2 mixed gases to meet the needs of practical industrial applications.关键词：CO2 capture;metal-organic framework;ionic liquid;composite materials;cycloaddition reaction;cyclic carbonates175|367|0更新时间：2026-05-22 -
摘要：With the continuous reduction of fossil fuel reserves, continuous rise of oil prices and increasingly serious environmental problems, people have conducted in-depth research on alternative energy sources. Cu-based catalysts are one of the most important catalysts for the direct conversion of syngas to higher alcohols (C2~C6 alcohols, abbreviated as “C2+ alcohols”). However, there is a problem of high proportion of methanol and low proportions of ethanol and C2+ alcohols. A series of CuZn catalysts with varying n(Al):n(Ga) (CuZnAlGa) were synthesized by complete liquid-phase method. Properties such as phase compositions, textural properties and reducibilities were characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption/desorption, H2-TPR, etc. The syngas hydrogenation to C2+ alcohols was carried out in a slurry bed reactor, and catalytic performances of CuZnAlGa were analyzed. The results show that the catalyst with n(Al):n(Ga) = 1:2 has the highest oxygen vacancy content and shows the best catalytic performance. After reacting for 168 h under the reaction conditions of 553 K, 4.0 MPa and n(H2):n(CO) = 2:1, the CO conversion rate reaches 11.54%, and the proportions (mole fractions) of ethanol and C2+ alcohols in the total alcohol are 71.25% and 86.88%, respectively.关键词：Al3+ and Ga3+ co-doping;CuZn catalysts;complete liquid-phase method;ethanol;higher alcohols120|90|0更新时间：2026-05-22 -
摘要：Chemical looping-steam methane reforming (CL-SMR) enables efficient methane conversion to clean energy, with LaNiO3 emerging as a promising oxygen carrier due to its exceptional oxygen storage capacity and catalytic activity. However, the micro mechanism of CH4 conversion on LaNiO3 surface remains unclear, which limits the directional optimization design of LaNiO3 oxygen carrier. To clarify the reaction mechanism of CL-SMR on LaNiO3(110) surface, based on density functional theory (DFT), adsorption models of various intermediates (CHx, x = 0~4) on LaNiO3(110) surface during CH4 decomposition were first constructed to clarify the stable adsorption configuration. Then the micro reaction path network was analyzed from four core processes: CH4 sequential dehydrogenation, CO/CO2 formation, H2/H2O generation and oxygen diffusion. The results show that during the CH4 sequential dehydrogenation process on LaNiO3(110) surface, there are strong interactions between the intermediates and the oxygen carrier surface, and the adsorption configurations are stable. The process is thermodynamically favorable and the reaction paths are stable and feasible. Among them, the energy barrier required for the CH dehydrogenation is significantly higher than other steps, identified as the rate-determining step. Generated CO readily oxidizes further to CO2, while H prefer forming H2O. What’s more, the oxygen vacancies formed after the consumption of surface oxygen by the reaction can be supplemented by the bulk lattice oxygen diffusion. LaNiO3 oxygen carrier can efficiently catalyze CH4 conversion to CO2 and H2O, but its catalytic performance needs to be further improved by lowering the energy barrier of rate-determining step. This relevant research results clarify the reaction mechanism of CH4 on LaNiO3(110) surface, in order to provide a theoretical reference for designing high-performance LaNiO3 oxygen carriers for CL-SMR.关键词：chemical looping reforming;density functional theory;LaNiO3 oxygen carrier;CH499|0|0更新时间：2026-05-22 -
摘要：Methanol is an important basic chemical feedstock and energy carrier. Utilizing CO2 catalytic hydrogenation to methanol can alleviate energy shortages to a certain extent while also aligning with the demands of green economic development. CuZnGa catalysts were synthesized using three different methods (co-precipitation, hydrothermal and sol-gel methods). Their catalytic performances were systematically compared in CO2 hydrogenation to methanol reaction. Characterization techniques including XRD, TEM, N2 adsorption/desorption, XPS, CO2-TPD, and H2-TPR were used to analyze their physicochemical properties. The results show that among three catalysts, the catalyst prepared by co-precipitation exhibits largest specific surface area (49.0 m2/g) and highest relative oxygen vacancy (19.8%), providing abundant active sites for CO2 activation and conversion. Under reaction conditions of 260 ℃, 4 MPa and 7500 mL/(g·h) for 10 h, it achieves CO2 conversion rate of 15.8% and methanol selectivity of 56.4%, outperforming other catalysts.关键词：CuZnGa catalysts;CO2 hydrogenation;methanol;co-precipitation method;oxygen vacancy;specific surface area29|0|0更新时间：2026-05-22 -
摘要：The selective hydrogenation of biomass-derived furfural to furfuryl alcohol is one of the important approaches for the conversion and utilization of biomass resources. Although Cu/SiO2 catalysts are widely employed in industry for hydrogenation, their catalytic activity in furfural hydrogenation remains insufficient. A series of Cu/SiO2 catalysts were prepared by co-precipitation method and then subjected to aging treatment at room temperature, 60 ℃, 80 ℃, 100 ℃ and 120 ℃, respectively. The effects of aging temperatures on catalytic performances of Cu/SiO2 catalysts for furfural hydrogenation to furfuryl alcohol were investigated, and the variations of catalyst structures before and after reaction were analyzed. The results show that under the optimal reaction conditions of 20 mL furfural, 0.2 g catalyst, reaction temperature of 180 ℃, reaction pressure of 3.5 MPa and reaction time of 2 h, the catalyst aged at 60 ℃ (Cu/SiO2(60)) exhibits excellent catalytic performance, achieving furfural conversion rate of 99.0% and furfuryl alcohol selectivity of 96.2%. The appropriate aging temperature (60 ℃) can promote the in-situ reduction of Cu2+ species to active Cu0 and Cu+ species during reaction process effectively, which can enhance the dispersion of Cu species and reduce their particle sizes, thereby significantly improving the catalytic performance of catalyst.关键词：Cu/SiO2 catalysts;aging temperatures;furfural hydrogenation;in-situ reduction139|203|0更新时间：2026-05-22 -
Catalytic performances of MTiO3-type composite catalysts for urea alcoholysis to propylene carbonate
摘要：Propylene carbonate (PC) is widely used in battery and chemical industry. Urea alcoholysis to PC has a broad industrial application prospect with the features of cheap and easy-to-obtain raw materials, mild reaction conditions, etc. However, the commonly used metal oxide catalysts suffer from serious loss of active components and poor reproducibility, which severely limit the industrial development of urea alcoholysis method, so it is urgent to develop catalysts with both high activity and stability. MTiO3-type composite catalysts were prepared, and the effects of preparation conditions on the structures and catalytic performances for urea alcoholysis to PC of catalysts were studied by various characterization methods, such as TGA-DSC, XRD, SEM, etc., and the reaction conditions were optimized. The results show that MgTiO3-750 calcined at 750 ℃ shows the best catalytic activity. Under the conditions of reaction temperature of 170 ℃, reaction time of 3 h, n(1,2-propanediol):n(urea) = 1.5:1.0 and catalyst’s mass fraction of 1%, the PC yield reaches 91.2%. The PC yield maintains from 80.0% to 90.0% catalyzed by MgTiO3-750 reused five times under the same conditions. The composite catalyst MgTiO3 + ZnO was further constructed. It is found that through the synergistic effect of medium-strong base sites in MgTiO3 + ZnO, the PC yield increases to 95.7% under the same reaction conditions. What’s more, the PC yield still exceeds 91.0% catalyzed by MgTiO3 + ZnO reused multiple times. The catalytic activity can be restored by supplementing ZnO for regeneration treatment.关键词：sol-gel method;MTiO3-type composite catalysts;urea alcoholysis;propylene carbonate76|50|0更新时间：2026-05-22 -
摘要：Hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate to ethylene glycol is a representative technological pathway for the efficient and clean utilization of coal, which has garnered widespread attention under the background of “carbon neutrality”. Although the route has been industrialized, current industrial setups still face the issue of catalyst deactivation. To investigate the mechanism of catalyst deactivation, Cu/SiO2 catalyst was selected as the model catalyst. Through stability evaluation tests, combined with characterization methods such as XRD, TEM, N2 adsorption/desorption, TGA and XPS, changes in the catalytic performances and structures of calcined, reduced and deactivated Cu/SiO2 catalysts were analyzed. The results indicate that the main causes of Cu/SiO2 catalyst deactivation are the agglomeration of Cu particles, carbon deposition, and changes of valence state of active component Cu. Among them, the agglomeration of Cu particles can reduce the numbers of active sites exposed on the catalyst surface, leading to a decline in catalytic activity. Carbon deposition, generated through a series of side reactions of intermediate products, can cover partial active sites on the catalyst, also resulting in decreasing of catalytic activity. Changes of valence state of Cu during the reaction can disrupt the synergistic effect between Cu+ and Cu0 in the catalytic hydrogenation process, leading to catalyst deactivation.关键词：dimethyl oxalate;hydrogenation;ethylene glycol;Cu/SiO2 catalyst;deactivation184|0|0更新时间：2026-05-22 -
摘要：Developing novel ethanol-to-butadiene catalysts is essential for enabling alternatives to the traditional butadiene production route. A series of Ag-ZrO2-SiO2 catalysts were prepared using co-precipitation method, in which the Zr precursor concentration was controlled. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, SEM, N2 adsorption/desorption, ICP-OES and Py-IR. Their catalytic performances in ethanol-to-butadiene were evaluated in a fixed-bed reactor to investigate the influence of acidity regulation on catalytic performance. The results show that controlling the Zr precursor concentration optimizes both the amount and strength distribution of Lewis acid sites, which promotes the main C—C coupling reaction of acetaldehyde while suppressing the side reaction of ethanol dehydration to ethylene. Under reaction conditions of 420 ℃ and weight hourly space velocity of 0.3 h-1, the AZS-2 catalyst (prepared by ZrO(NO3)2 solution with mass fraction of 10%) exhibits the best catalytic performance, achieving an ethanol conversion rate of 80.0% and a butadiene selectivity of 47.3%. Its ethylene selectivity is notably lower than that of other catalysts.关键词：Ag-ZrO2-SiO2 catalysts;co-precipitation method;ethanol-to-butadiene;Lewis acid regulation73|116|0更新时间：2026-05-22 -
摘要：The existing slow-release urea commonly faces issues such as high production costs and environmental pollution caused by degradation products, which limit their application in agricultural production. Consequently, developing efficient and cost-effective slow-release urea with environmentally friendly characteristics is the direction for the development of slow-release fertilizers. Biomass-based slow-release urea (B-SRU) was prepared by physical mixing, using four biomasses with different growth forms as raw materials. The differences in slow-release performance of different B-SRU were systematically compared and analyzed. The results show that the slow-release performance of different B-SRU exhibits significant variations in response to preparation temperatures due to the differences in structures and compositions of biomass raw materials. With the increase of preparation temperatures, the slow-release performance of herbaceous B-SRU gradually improves and the urea release rate can be reduced by 33.01%. The slow-release performance of woody B-SRU shows a gradually decreasing trend, and the slow-release performances of vine and hemp B-SRU show “V” and inverted “V” patterns in change, respectively. SEM and FTIR characterization results confirm that the binding mechanism between biomass and urea is mainly a dual action of physical dense wrapping and hydrogen bonding network. The release kinetics analysis shows that the release of urea from B-SRU is mainly dominated by classical Fick diffusion, and the urea molecules mainly migrate by diffusion through the physical pores of the biomass matrix.关键词：biomass;slow-release urea;slow-release performance;release kinetics158|130|0更新时间：2026-05-22 -
摘要：In the process of municipal wastewater treatment, a large amount of residual sludge is generated, characterized by high moisture content, high ash content, and low calorific value, which severely restricts the efficiency of sludge incineration for volume reduction and energy recovery. Deep dewatering commonly requires the addition of chemical conditioners and biomass skeletal agents. However, their effects on the subsequent combustion behavior of dewatered sludge remain insufficiently understood. Taking FeCl3 and CaO as typical chemical conditioning agents and rice straw, corn stalk and bamboo as biomass skeleton builders, the dewatered sludge was obtained after conditioning. The combustion characteristics of the dewatered sludge were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis. The results show that after conditioning with FeCl3, the ignition temperature and apparent activation energy of the sludge decreases, while the combustion characteristic parameters increase, significantly enhancing the combustion reactivity of dewatered sludge. In contrast, after conditioning with CaO, the ignition temperature and apparent activation energy of the sludge increase, while the combustion weight loss rate and combustion characteristic parameters decreases, which is unfavorable for combustion. When conditioned with biomas, the total mass loss and maximum mass loss rate increase markedly. However, ignition temperature increases with increasing biomass addition amount, and apparent activation energy rises from 26.60 kJ/mol for raw sludge to 29.87~41.16 kJ/mol, indicating an overall shift of combustion behavior toward biomass-dominated characteristics. Compared to adding biomass alone, FeCl3-biomass synergistic conditioning maintains a high total mass loss while exhibiting a lower apparent activation energy, whereas CaO-biomass synergistic conditioning increases apparent activation energy. These results demonstrate that FeCl3-biomass coupling exhibits a more pronounced synergistic promotion effect on combustion reactivity.关键词：dewatered sludge;synergistic conditioning;combustion characteristics;combustion kinetics;biomass skeleton22|0|0更新时间：2026-05-22 -
摘要：Supersonic separation has significant application value in clean energy processing, carbon capture technology and other fields, and plays an important role in building clean energy system. To analyse the effect of wall roughness on CO2 non-equilibrium condensation and supersonic separation performance, a mathematical model was built to predict the mass and heat transfer phenomena of CO2 in non-equilibrium state, and the wall roughness was considered by modifying the wall function. The results show that the wall roughness hinders the expansion process in the nozzle, thereby weakening the expansion performance of CO2. Furthermore, the obstruction of expansion process slows down the process of thermodynamic system moving towards the non-equilibrium state, thereby delaying the formation of condensation nuclei and reducing the peak nucleation rate and liquid fraction. Among them, when the roughness increases from 0.00 mm to 0.20 mm, the peak nucleation rate decreases from 8.04 × 1019 m-3/s to 5.73 × 1019 m-3/s, with a decrease of 28.7%, and the nucleation space decreases by 10.2% at the same time. The liquid mass fraction decreases from 0.047 to 0.042, with nucleation space reduction of 10.6%, while the liquid phase space decreases by 13.4%.关键词：clean energy technology;CO2 nonequilibrium condensation;heat and mass transfer;wall roughness77|63|0更新时间：2026-05-22 -
摘要：Degradation often occurs during the cyclic regeneration of alkanolamine solutions for CO2 capture, leading to reduction in effective amine concentration and consequently impairing CO2 capture performance. Monoethanolamine (MEA) degraded amine solution with mass fraction of 26.71% and MEA-N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) degraded amine solution with total amine mass fraction of 20.63% (20.63%-D) were recovered via vacuum distillation. And CO2 capture performances of the recovered amine solutions were evaluated. The results indicate that the amine recovery rate of MEA degraded amine solution is 94.42%, higher than that of 20.63%-D (75.49%). The CO2 desorption capacity of MEA-MDEA recovered amine solution with total amine mass fraction of 40% (40%-R) (1.71 mol/kg) is 1.99 times that of 20.63%-D (0.86 mol/kg), which can basically meet the CO2 capture requirements of coal-fired power plants. Adding MEA with mass fraction of 5% to 40%-R can improve the CO2 capture performance of the resulting amine solution (40%-Ropt). The CO2 absorption capacity of 40%-Ropt is 1.95 mol/kg, which is 0.14 mol/kg higher than 40%-R.关键词：MEA;degraded amine solutions;vacuum distillation;CO2 capture162|167|0更新时间：2026-05-22 -
摘要：Carbon steel is widely used in post-combustion CO2 capture projects in coal-fired power plants. However, it is prone to corrosion by organic amine absorbents during operation, which poses a significant threat to the stability of CO2 capture equipment. The N-(2-hydroxyethyl) ethylenediamine (AEEA) biphasic solvents was used as the research object to analyze the corrosion behaviors of 304 stainless steel (SS304) coupons and carbon steel coupons in AEEA biphasic solvents with different CO2 loading amounts (mass fractions) and amine mass fractions at 110 ℃. The results show that in AEEA biphasic solvents with different CO2 loading amounts and amine mass fraction of 40%, the corrosion rate of SS304 coupons present complex changing trend with the variation of CO2 loading amounts. Among them, the corrosion rate of SS304 coupons is the highest (both 0.0331 mm/a) in AEEA biphasic solvents with 75% and 25% CO2 loading amounts, and the lowest (0.0158 mm/a) in AEEA biphasic solvent with 100% CO2 loading (lean phase). In AEEA biphasic solvents with 100% CO2 loading amount and different amine mass fractions, the corrosion rate of SS304 coupons is positively correlated with the change of amine mass fraction. Among them, the corrosion rate of SS304 coupons is the highest (0.0327 mm/a) in the AEEA biphasic solvent with amine mass fraction of 60%, and the lowest (0.0115 mm/a) in the AEEA biphasic solvent with amine mass fraction of 20%. Compared with carbon steel coupons, SS304 coupons have lower corrosion rate under the same conditions. Therefore, SS304 is more suitable as the main material for towers, pipelines and other equipments in large-scale CO2 capture projects.关键词：biphasic solvents;N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine;corrosion behaviors;SS304 coupons;CO2 capture120|0|0更新时间：2026-05-22 -
摘要：Electrolysis of water for hydrogen production is regarded as one of the key technological directions for the future development of hydrogen energy due to its low-carbon environmental protection and high purity of hydrogen. Therefore, the development of efficient and stable catalysts is of great significance. By using electrochemical deposition, the coal tar derivative carbazole (Cz) was converted into conductive polymers polycarbazol (PCz), and a composite electrode system with a pore structure was constructed using three-dimensional porous nickel foam (NF) as the substrate. On this basis, cobalt-iron bimetallic ions (Co2+/Fe3+) were introduced to successfully prepare the Co4Fe1-PCz/NF composite electrode materials. The results show that in 1 mol/L KOH electrolyte, the Co4Fe1-PCz/NF catalyst can drive the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the overpotential of 175 mV under the current density of 10 mA/cm2. Additionally, it can operate stably for 40 h at the voltage of 1.41 V. The coordination bonds form between Co2+/Fe3+ and the pyridine nitrogen in PCz, as well as the NF substrate effectively increase the contact area between the electrode and electrolyte, and enhance OER performance of the catalyst. This composite catalytic system, which is constructed through the the synergy of inexpensive aromatic heterocyclic monomers and transition metals, not only achieves high value-added conversion of coal tar resources but also provides new ideas for developing high-performance, low-cost industrial water electrolysis catalysts.关键词：water electrolysis;oxygen evolution reaction;coordination bonds;polycarbazole10|0|0更新时间：2026-05-22 -
摘要：With mild hydrogen storage conditions, high volumetric hydrogen storage density and intrinsic capability for hydrogen purification, metal hydrides (MH) offer unique advantages for the integrated application of high-density hydrogen storage and efficient hydrogen purification. Based on a cylindrical tank configuration with external circulating-water temperature control and a centrally penetrating mesh tube for hydrogen absorption and desorption, a three-dimensional simulation model of the hydrogen absorption/desorption and purification performance of titanium-manganese hydrogen storage alloys was established. By adjusting the temperature of the heat-transfer fluid, the absorption/desorption pressure and the convective heat-transfer coefficient, a three-factor and five-level simulation study on hydrogen absorption, desorption and purification performance was conducted. The results show that the temperature of the heat-transfer fluid has the greatest influence on hydrogen absorption/desorption and purification performance, followed by the absorption/desorption pressure, and then the convective heat-transfer coefficient. When the heat-transfer fluid temperature, hydrogen absorption pressure and convective heat-transfer coefficient range from 283 K to 303 K, 0.8 MPa to 1.2 MPa, and 500 W/(m2·K) to 1000 W/(m2·K), respectively, better hydrogen absorption and purification performance can be achieved. When the heat-transfer fluid temperature, hydrogen desorption pressure and convective heat-transfer coefficient range from 313 K to 333 K, 0.08 MPa to 0.12 MPa, and 1000 W/(m2·K) to 1652 W/(m2·K), respectively, better hydrogen desorption performance can be achieved. For a solid-state hydrogen storage tank with a bed radius of 20 cm and no internal heat-exchange components, the hydrogen absorption and desorption durations can be controlled at approximately 110 min and 200 min, respectively. The maximum temperature differences within the bed during absorption and desorption can be kept within 50 K and 30 K, respectively. After purification, the hydrogen recovery rate during desorption can reach more than 88%.关键词：metal hydrides;hydrogen absorption and desorption process;hydrogen purification;simulation study84|0|0更新时间：2026-05-22
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