低温液氢加注技术研究进展

耿银良; 李建立; 吴小华; 李敬法; 宇波; 王凯

doi:10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20230193

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低温液氢加注技术研究进展

制氢与氢能开发利用

- 低温液氢加注技术研究进展
- Research progress in liquid hydrogen refueling technology
- 低碳化学与化工 2024, 49(2): 105-114.
- 作者机构：
  
  北京石油化工学院机械工程学院，北京 102617
- 作者简介：
  
  耿银良（1993—），硕士，研究方向为液氢加注技术，E-mail：gengyinliang1118@163.com。
  李建立（1979—），博士，副教授，研究方向为储氢技术及装备，E-mail：lijianli_gz@bipt.edu.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划(2022YFB4002900)
- DOI：10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20230193
  中图分类号： TQ116.27
- 纸质出版日期：2024-02-25，
  
  收稿日期：2023-05-28，
  
  修回日期：2023-06-16，
- 稿件说明：
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耿银良,李建立,吴小华等.低温液氢加注技术研究进展[J].低碳化学与化工,2024,49(02):105-114.

GENG Yinliang,LI Jianli,WU Xiaohua,et al.Research progress in liquid hydrogen refueling technology[J].Low-carbon Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,2024,49(02):105-114.
耿银良,李建立,吴小华等.低温液氢加注技术研究进展[J].低碳化学与化工,2024,49(02):105-114. DOI： 10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20230193.

GENG Yinliang,LI Jianli,WU Xiaohua,et al.Research progress in liquid hydrogen refueling technology[J].Low-carbon Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,2024,49(02):105-114. DOI： 10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20230193.

摘要

液氢的安全高效加注是对其进行转移、储存和使用的关键。从加注模式、加注结构和加注工艺等方面综述了国内外液氢加注技术的研究进展。在常重力环境下，有排气和无排气加注均能通过加注结构和工艺的合理设计实现加注目的。典型的无排气顶部加注过程包含初始快速升压、相对稳定加注和末期快速升压3个阶段，而无排气底部加注无明显的阶段性特征。对于常重力加注，不同的顶部加注结构主要影响加注初期接收罐内的压力和温度变化，而不同的底部加注结构还显著影响加注初期的流场特征。不同加注工艺主要通过初始闪蒸、壁面沸腾、液相蒸发、气相冷凝及气相压缩等机制对加注过程产生影响。对于微重力环境下的液氢无排气加注，加注位置和加注结构对加注过程的影响小于不同加注工艺的影响。加注过程中内胆壁面的热变形程度与其冷却程度呈正相关，热应力集中区域不依赖于热变形的分布。为加快实现在更广泛的应用场景下的安全、高效加注液氢，还需进一步深化对加注过程的理论分析、仿真研究和实验研究，同时结合经济性，加强系统性加注工艺流程的仿真研究。

Abstract

The safe and efficient liquid hydrogen refueling is the key to its transfer

storage and use. The research progress of liquid hydrogen refueling technology at home and abroad was reviewed from three aspects

including refueling modes

refueling structures and refueling processes. In normal gravity environment

both venting and non-venting refueling can be achieved through the rational design of refueling structures and processes. A typical unvented top-refueling process consists of three stages: initial rapid pressure rise

relatively stable refill and final rapid pressure rise

while unvented bottom-refueling has no obvious stage characteristics. For normal gravity refueling

different top-refueling configurations mainly affect the pressure and temperature changes in the receiving tank at the beginning of refueling

while different bottom-refueling configurations also significantly affect the flow field characteristics at the beginning of refueling. Different refueling processes mainly affect the refueling process through the mechanisms of initial flashing

wall boiling

liquid-phase evaporation

gas-phase condensation and gas-phase compression. For liquid hydrogen unvented refueling in a microgravity environment

the influence of refueling location and refueling structure on the refueling process is less than that of different refueling processes. For unvented refueling of liquid hydrogen in a microgravity environment

the effect of refueling location and refueling structure on the refueling process is less than the effect of different refueling processes. The degree of thermal deformation of the liner wall during refueling is positively correlated with its cooling degree

and the region of thermal stress concentration does not depend on the distribution of thermal deformation. In order to accelerate the safe and efficient liquid hydrogen refueling in a wider range of application scenarios

it is necessary to further deepen the theoretical analysis

simulation research and experimental research on the refueling process. At the same time

combined with economic efficiency

the systematic simulation research on the refueling process needs to be strengthened.

关键词

液氢加注加注模式加注结构加注工艺

Keywords

liquid hydrogen refuelingrefueling modesrefueling structuresrefueling processes

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