煤层气行业全生命周期碳排放核算体系构建与低碳路径分析

郭武杰; 雷一博; 余师锦; 王晨

doi:10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20260001

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煤层气行业全生命周期碳排放核算体系构建与低碳路径分析

更新时间：2026-07-21

- 煤层气行业全生命周期碳排放核算体系构建与低碳路径分析
- Construction of life cycle carbon emission accounting system and analysis of low-carbon pathways for coalbed methane industry
- 低碳化学与化工 2026: 1-9.
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中北大学环境与安全工程学院，山西太原 030051
  2.华新燃气集团有限公司，山西太原 030032
  3.煤与煤层气共采全国重点实验室，山西太原 030032
  4.中北大学德州产业技术研究院，山东德州 253011
- 作者简介：
  
  郭武杰（1988—），硕士，高级工程师，研究方向为燃气综合利用及碳减排，E-mail：492679023@qq.com。
  王晨（1987—），博士，副教授，研究方向为尾气净化及资源化利用，E-mail：chenwang87@nuc.edu.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  山西省科技合作交流专项项目(202504041101046);华新燃气集团有限公司科技计划项目(HX202505);山西省自然科学基金面上项目(202303021221122);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(21908207)
- DOI：10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20260001
  中图分类号： X322;F407.21
- 收稿：2026-01-03，
  
  修回：2026-03-31，
  
  网络首发：2026-07-20，
- 稿件说明：
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郭武杰,雷一博,余师锦等.煤层气行业全生命周期碳排放核算体系构建与低碳路径分析[J].低碳化学与化工,

GUO Wujie,LEI Yibo,YU Shijin,et al.Construction of life cycle carbon emission accounting system and analysis of low-carbon pathways for coalbed methane industry[J].Low-Carbon Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
郭武杰,雷一博,余师锦等.煤层气行业全生命周期碳排放核算体系构建与低碳路径分析[J].低碳化学与化工, DOI：10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20260001.

GUO Wujie,LEI Yibo,YU Shijin,et al.Construction of life cycle carbon emission accounting system and analysis of low-carbon pathways for coalbed methane industry[J].Low-Carbon Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, DOI：10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20260001.

摘要

甲烷是仅次于二氧化碳（CO

）的第二大温室气体，煤层气作为非常规天然气的重要组成部分，正处于“双碳”战略下快速发展的关键期。针对通用碳核算标准工艺适配性不足及全链条实测数据匮乏的问题，以山西省某煤层气企业为研究对象，在全生命周期评价框架下，通过整合上游开采、中游储运处理和下游利用的设备信息及数据，构建了行业专属的全产业链碳排放核算体系。结果表明，全链条年度净排放为1774053.8 t/a（CO

当量），上、中和下游占比分别为47.8%、18.7%和33.5%。按排放源归并，甲烷直接排放占比为52.5%，间接排放占比为34.4%，化石燃料直接燃烧占比为13.1%。分段特征显示，产业上游以井口与集气站甲烷逃逸为主，中游以输配逃逸为主，下游呈现用电占比高的特点。基于核算特征，提出了甲烷减排、余热替代和清洁用电的路径。针对甲烷排放，利用生物甲烷替代减少逃逸，并通过蓄热式热氧化器/蓄热式催化氧化器单元销毁不可回收甲烷。针对燃料与热力利用，构建热能回收体系，减少锅炉用气及外购热力排放。针对电力侧，则通过实施新能源工程，提升绿电消纳权重以压减间接排放。本研究构建的核算体系具有良好的煤层气行业适用性，不仅可为煤层气企业的精细化碳管理与碳资产开发提供方法学参考，更能为全行业的低碳转型路径设计提供坚实的实证依据。

Abstract

Methane is the second most important greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide (CO

)

and coalbed methane (CBM)

as an important component of unconventional natural gas

is in a critical period of rapid development under the “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” strategy. To address the insufficient process adaptability of general carbon accounting standards and the lack of measured data covering the entire industrial chain

provincial state-owned CBM enterprises in Shanxi Province were selected as the research objects. Under the life cycle assessment (LCA) framework

an industry-specific carbon emission accounting system covering the full industrial chain was established by integrating equipment information and data from upstream extraction

midstream storage

transportation and processing

and downstream utilization. The results show that the annual net emissions of the whole industrial chain are 1774053.8 t/a (CO

equivalent)

with the upstream

midstream and downstream accounting for 47.8%

18.7% and 33.5%

respectively. Aggregated by emission sources

direct methane emissions account fo

r 52.5%

indirect emissions account for 34.4% and direct fossil fuel combustion accounts for 13.1%. Segment-specific characteristics indicate that upstream emissions are mainly dominated by methane fugitive emissions from wellheads and gathering stations

the midstream emissions are mainly dominated by fugitive emissions from transmission and distribution

and the downstream is characterized by a high proportion of electricity consumption. Based on the accounting characteristics

pathways involving methane emission reduction

waste heat substitution and clean electricity utilization are proposed. For methane emissions

fugitive emissions are reduced through biomethane substitution

and unrecoverable methane is destroyed using Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer /Regenerative Catalytic Oxidizer units. For fuel and thermal energy utilization

a thermal energy recovery system is established to reduce boiler gas consumption and emissions from purchased heat. On the electricity side

new energy projects are implemented to increase the proportion of green electricity consumption

thereby reducing indirect emissions. The accounting system established in this study exhibits good applicability to the CBM industry. It not only can provide a methodological reference for refined carbon management and carbon asset development of CBM enterprises

but also can provide solid empirical evidence for designing low-carbon transition pathways for the entire industry.

关键词

Keywords

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