分子筛催化剂积炭失活与积炭调控策略

刘一鸣; 郅玉春; 魏迎旭; 刘中民

doi:10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20260249

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分子筛催化剂积炭失活与积炭调控策略

更新时间：2026-08-04

- 分子筛催化剂积炭失活与积炭调控策略
- Coke-induced deactivation and coke regulation strategies of zeolite catalysts
- 低碳化学与化工 2026: 1-6.
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国科学院大连化学物理研究所低碳催化技术国家工程研究中心，辽宁大连 116023
  2.中国科学院大连化学物理研究所能源催化转化全国重点实验室，辽宁大连 116023
  3.中国科学院大学，北京 100049
- 作者简介：
  
  刘一鸣（2003—），硕士研究生，研究方向为分子筛催化，E-mail：liuyiming@dicp.ac.cn。
  郅玉春（1984—），博士，研究员，研究方向为分子筛催化与C1化学，E-mail：yuchunzhi@dicp.ac.cn；
  刘中民（1964—），博士，研究员，中国工程院院士，研究方向为应用催化，E-mail：liuzm@dicp.ac.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目子课题(2024YFB4105401);国家自然科学基金(U25D9013;U25A20555;22372164;22288101)
- DOI：10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20260249
  中图分类号： TQ426.95;O643.36
- 收稿：2026-06-01，
  
  修回：2026-06-18，
  
  网络首发：2026-07-28，
- 稿件说明：
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刘一鸣,郅玉春,魏迎旭等.分子筛催化剂积炭失活与积炭调控策略[J].低碳化学与化工,

LIU Yiming,ZHI Yuchun,WEI Yingxu,et al.Coke-induced deactivation and coke regulation strategies of zeolite catalysts[J].Low-Carbon Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
刘一鸣,郅玉春,魏迎旭等.分子筛催化剂积炭失活与积炭调控策略[J].低碳化学与化工, DOI：10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20260249.

LIU Yiming,ZHI Yuchun,WEI Yingxu,et al.Coke-induced deactivation and coke regulation strategies of zeolite catalysts[J].Low-Carbon Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, DOI：10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20260249.

摘要

积炭长期被视为导致分子筛催化剂失活的主要原因之一，工业上常需要对失活的分子筛催化剂采用空气烧炭的方式进行再生。通过梳理积炭领域的研究现状与面临的难题，发现积炭物种形态、结构与演变易受多种因素协同影响，并且积炭对反应过程的作用也不再被简单归结为单一的消极效应。一方面，积炭的过度沉积会覆盖催化剂表面活性位点，阻碍分子扩散，从而导致催化剂失活。另一方面，适量积炭可以在催化剂合成、反应路径调控等方面起到积极作用。随着对积炭认识的加深，积炭调控的整体思路正在从单纯的“被动去除”转向“主动调控”。具体而言，调变反应气氛可以显著延长催化剂寿命及优化产物分布，而预积炭、不完全再生等策略可在提高低碳烯烃选择性的同时降低CO

排放量。本研究可为实现工业催化过程中高产物选择性、低能耗和绿色可持续发展的目标提供参考。

Abstract

Coke has long been regarded as a primary cause of deactivation of zeolite catalysts and it is often necessary to regenerate deactivation zeolite catalysts by air burn-off in industry. By reviewing the current research status and challenges of coke

it is found that the morphologies

structures and evolution are synergistically influenced by multiple factors. The role of coke in reaction processes can no longer be simply reduced to a purely negative effect. On the one hand

excessive deposition of coke can cover active sites on the catalyst surface and hinder molecular diffusion

leading to deactivation of catalysts. On the other hand

a moderate amount of coke can play a positive role in catalyst synthesis and the regulation of reaction pathways. With the deepening of understanding of coke

the coke regulation strategies are shifting from “passive removal” to “active regulation”. Specifically

adjusting the reaction atmospheres can significantly prolong catalysts’ lifetimes and optimize product distributions

while strategies like pre-coking and partial regeneration can increase the light olefin selectivity and reduce CO

emissions. This study can provide reference for achieving the goals of high product selectivities

low energy consumptions and green sustainable development in industrial catalysis.

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references

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