不同能量驱动的CO<sub>2</sub>催化加氢技术及其碳减排潜力分析

张嘉铭; 苏哲林; 王业双; 段明贤; 王文丽; 杨超; 赵金仙

doi:10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20260049

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不同能量驱动的CO₂催化加氢技术及其碳减排潜力分析

更新时间：2026-03-23

- 不同能量驱动的CO₂催化加氢技术及其碳减排潜力分析
- CO₂ catalytic hydrogenation technology driven by different forms of energy and their carbon emission reduction
- 低碳化学与化工 2026: 1-11.
- 作者机构：
  
  1.太原理工大学省部共建煤基能源清洁高效利用国家重点实验室，山西太原 030024
  2.太原理工大学环境与生态学院山西太原 030024
- 作者简介：
  
  张嘉铭(1998-)，硕士，研究方向为碳经济与碳减排，E-mail：awetahea@163.com
  赵金仙(1987-)，博士，副教授，研究方向为一碳化学与化工，E-mail：zhaojinxian@tyut.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  山西省回国科教创新资助项目(2025-083);国家自然科学基金青年基金(22208233)
- DOI：10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20260049
  中图分类号： TQ424
- 收稿：2026-01-29，
  
  修回：2026-02-26，
  
  网络首发：2026-03-11，
- 稿件说明：
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张嘉铭,苏哲林,王业双等.不同能量驱动的CO₂催化加氢技术及其碳减排潜力分析[J].低碳化学与化工,

ZHANG Jiaming,SU Zhelin,WANG Yeshuang,et al.CO₂ catalytic hydrogenation technology driven by different forms of energy and their carbon emission reduction[J].Low-Carbon Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
张嘉铭,苏哲林,王业双等.不同能量驱动的CO₂催化加氢技术及其碳减排潜力分析[J].低碳化学与化工, DOI：10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20260049.

ZHANG Jiaming,SU Zhelin,WANG Yeshuang,et al.CO₂ catalytic hydrogenation technology driven by different forms of energy and their carbon emission reduction[J].Low-Carbon Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, DOI：10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20260049.

摘要

催化加氢（包括以H

或水/电解质等供氢方式）可将CO

转化为CO、CH

和甲醇以及多碳醇和烯烃等高附加值燃料和化学品，是实现碳减排的重要技术路径。该反应可以通过热、光、电、光热、光电、热电等不同能量形式驱动完成，并因此形成各自不同的反应特点，也显示出不同的碳减排潜力。文章在简要概述以上各催化加氢技术特点、发展现况、面临问题等基础上，结合各技术的成熟度和挑战，对比探讨了各自的碳减排效应。六种技术中，热催化最成熟，但高温高压的反应特性使其减排效应完全依赖于绿氢和可再生热源。光催化利用太阳能驱动反应，理论碳减排巨大，但目前能量利用率很低，还处在实验室阶段；电催化条件较为温和，易与可再生能源匹配，减排潜力明显，但电极寿命和能效储存在挑战；光热、光电和热电催化利用不同能量的协同来克服单一能量形式的缺点，但系统复杂，碳减排潜力还处于实验验证阶段。然而，其在原理上展现的协同潜力和能量整合能力，仍是重要发展方向。

Abstract

catalytic hydrogenation

including hydrogen supply methods such as H

or water/electrolyte

can convert CO

into CO

methanol

multi-carbon alcohols and olefins

as well as the other high-value fuels and chemicals

representing an important technological path for carbon emission reduction. This reaction can be driven by different forms of energy

including thermal

photonic

electric

photothermal

photoelectric

and thermoelectric

each with distinct reaction characteristics and varying potential for carbon emission reduction. Based on a brief overview of the characteristics

development status

and challenges faced by each catalytic hydrogenation technology

this article compares and discusses their respective carbon emission reduction effects

taking into account the maturity and challenges of each technology. Among the six technologies

thermal catalysis is the most mature

but its high-temperature and high-pressure reaction characteristics make its emission reduction effect entirely dependent on green hydrogen and renewable heat sources. Photocatalysis utilizes solar energy to drive the reaction

with a theoretically significant carbon emission reduction potential

but the current energy utilization rate is low

and it is still in the laboratory stage. Electrocatalysis operates under milder conditions and is easily compatible with renewable energy sources

offering significant emission reduction potential

but challenges lie in electrode lifespan and energy efficiency storage. Photothermal catalysis

photoelectrocatalysis

and thermoelectrocatalysis can leverage synergistic energies to overcome the limitations of a single energy form

but their systems are complex

and their carbon emissions reduction potential is still under investigation. However

their demonstrated synergistic potential and energy integration capabilities in principle remain important directions for development.

关键词

Keywords

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CO2 catalytic hydrogenation technology driven by different forms of energy and their carbon emission reduction

DOI：10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20260049

摘要

Abstract

关键词

Keywords

references

不同能量驱动的CO₂催化加氢技术及其碳减排潜力分析

CO₂ catalytic hydrogenation technology driven by different forms of energy and their carbon emission reduction