生物质前驱体与热解条件对多孔炭材料结构及性能的影响与调控研究进展

高博; 王志伟; 李学琴; 张焱鹏; 郭娜; 刘海岩; 陈高峰; 张宏勋; 雷廷宙

doi:10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20250339

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生物质前驱体与热解条件对多孔炭材料结构及性能的影响与调控研究进展

更新时间：2026-03-06

- 生物质前驱体与热解条件对多孔炭材料结构及性能的影响与调控研究进展
- Research progress on influence and regulation of biomass precursors and pyrolysis conditions on structures and properties of porous carbon materials
- 低碳化学与化工 2026: 1-13.
- 作者机构：
  
  1.河南工业大学环境工程学院，河南郑州 450001
  2.河南工业大学碳中和研究院，河南郑州 450001
  3.常州大学城乡矿山研究院，江苏常州 213164
- 作者简介：
  
  高博（1999—），硕士研究生，研究方向生物质热解制多孔炭材料，E-mail：2591160892@qq.com。
  王志伟（1980—），博士，研究员，博士研究生导师，研究方向为生物质热化学转化技术、有机固体废弃物高效处理技术，E-mail：bioenergy@163.com；
  李学琴（1989—），博士，讲师，研究方向为生物质热化学转化技术、有机固体废弃物高效处理技术，E-mail：lixueq@haut.edu.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(52276181);河南工业大学粮油食品学院省部级科研平台开放课题(GO202502);国家资助博士后研究人员计划(GZC20251608);河南工业大学本科生科研训练（科教融汇）项目(KYXL2025129)
- DOI：10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20250339
  中图分类号： TQ35/TQ127.1
- 收稿：2025-08-12，
  
  修回：2025-09-29，
  
  网络首发：2026-03-06，
- 稿件说明：
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高博,王志伟,李学琴等.生物质前驱体与热解条件对多孔炭材料结构及性能的影响与调控研究进展[J].低碳化学与化工,

GAO Bo,WANG Zhiwei,LI Xueqin,et al.Research progress on influence and regulation of biomass precursors and pyrolysis conditions on structures and properties of porous carbon materials[J].Low-Carbon Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
高博,王志伟,李学琴等.生物质前驱体与热解条件对多孔炭材料结构及性能的影响与调控研究进展[J].低碳化学与化工, DOI：10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20250339.

GAO Bo,WANG Zhiwei,LI Xueqin,et al.Research progress on influence and regulation of biomass precursors and pyrolysis conditions on structures and properties of porous carbon materials[J].Low-Carbon Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, DOI：10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20250339.

摘要

生物质热解制多孔炭材料因具有可持续性、大比表面积、良好的化学稳定性和可调节的孔径结构，在能源、环境等领域展现出广阔的应用前景，成为了研究热点。综述了生物质热解制多孔炭材料的最新研究进展，归纳了植物、动物、微生物及工业副产物与废弃物四类前驱体合成多孔炭材料的结构、性能与主要应用领域，系统分析了热解温度、热解停留时间及升温速率对多孔炭材料孔隙结构和表面化学性质的影响，总结了活化处理和掺杂改性在增大比表面积、调控孔径分布及引入活性位点方面的策略与原理，阐述了生物质热解多孔炭材料的产业化现状及存在的问题，其中“原料优选-工艺优化-性能定向调控”一体化设计是制备具有特定孔隙结构和优异性能功能化多孔炭材料的研究方向之一。

Abstract

Porous carbon materials produced by biomass pyrolysis have shown broad application prospects in energy

environment and other fields due to their sustainability

large specific surface area

good chemical stability and adjustable pore structure

and have become a research hotspot. The latest research progress on porous carbon materials produced by biomass pyrolysis was reviewed. The structures

performances and main application fields of the porous carbon materials synthesized from four types of precursors: Plants

animals

microorganisms

and industrial by-products and wastes were summarized. The influence on pyrolysis temperatures

pyrolysis residence time

and heating rates on the pore structures and surface chemical properties of the porous carbon materials were systematically analyzed. The strategies and principles of activation treatment and doping modification in increasing specific surface areas

regulating pore size distributions and introducing active sites were summarized. The industrialization status and existing problems of porous carbon materials produced by biomass pyrolysis were expounded. Among them

the integrated design of “raw material selection-process optimization-performance directional regulation” is one of the research directions for preparing functionalized porous carbon materials with specific pore structures and excellent properties.

关键词

Keywords

references

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