钠离子电池沥青基碳负极材料结构和形貌调控策略研究进展

刘庆坤; 闫国春; 李艺; 张世杰; 宋怀河

doi:10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20250279

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钠离子电池沥青基碳负极材料结构和形貌调控策略研究进展

碳资源转化利用 | 更新时间：2026-02-13

- 钠离子电池沥青基碳负极材料结构和形貌调控策略研究进展
- Research progress on strategies for structural and morphological regulations of asphalt-based carbon anode materials for sodium-ion batteries
- 低碳化学与化工 2026, 51(2): 75-90.
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国神华煤制油化工有限公司，北京 100011
  2.北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院，北京 100029
  3.国家能源投资集团有限责任公司，北京 100011
- 作者简介：
  
  刘庆坤（1992—），博士，中国神华煤制油化工有限公司与北京化工大学联合培养博士后研究人员，研究方向为碳基功能材料产业化开发与应用，E-mail：liuqingkun1992@163.com。
  闫国春（1968—），硕士，高级工程师，研究方向为煤化工和石油化工，E-mail：shenhuameizhiyou@126.com。
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20250279
  中图分类号： TQ127.1;TM912
- 收稿：2025-06-18，
  
  修回：2025-08-10，
  
  纸质出版：2026-02-25
- 稿件说明：
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刘庆坤,闫国春,李艺等.钠离子电池沥青基碳负极材料结构和形貌调控策略研究进展[J].低碳化学与化工,2026,51(2):75-90.

LIU Qingkun,YAN Guochun,LI Yi,et al.Research progress on strategies for structural and morphological regulations of asphalt-based carbon anode materials for sodium-ion batteries[J].Low-Carbon Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,2026,51(2):75-90.
刘庆坤,闫国春,李艺等.钠离子电池沥青基碳负极材料结构和形貌调控策略研究进展[J].低碳化学与化工,2026,51(2):75-90. DOI： 10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20250279.

LIU Qingkun,YAN Guochun,LI Yi,et al.Research progress on strategies for structural and morphological regulations of asphalt-based carbon anode materials for sodium-ion batteries[J].Low-Carbon Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,2026,51(2):75-90. DOI： 10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20250279.

摘要

沥青作为富含芳香族结构的高碳材料，因具有来源广泛、碳含量高和成本低廉等优点，成为钠离子电池碳负极材料的优质前驱体。然而，直接热解制备的沥青基碳材料存在石墨化程度高、层间距小等缺点，导致钠离子存储空间受限。结构与形貌调控策略是克服上述缺点的研究重点。综述了沥青基碳负极材料的研究进展，重点阐述了结构调控（预氧化、软/硬碳复合和杂原子掺杂）与形貌调控（构建多孔结构和碳纳米纤维膜）两种策略的技术路线与改性机理，解析了微观结构与储钠性能的构效关系，并分析了各种调控方法的优势与不足。最后分别从基础科学、材料设计和产业化应用层面对沥青基碳负极材料的未来研究方向进行了展望。

Abstract

As a high-carbon material rich in aromatic structures

asphalt stands out as an excellent precursor material for sodium-ion battery carbon anodes due to its advantages of wide availability

high carbon content and low cost. However

asphalt-based carbon materials prepared by direct pyrolysis suffer from disadvantages such as high graphitization and narrow interlayer spacing

which limit sodium-ion storage capacity. Overcoming these limitations through structural and morphological regulations has become a key research focus in the field. Research progress on asphalt-based carbon anode materials were reviewed. The technical routes and modification mechanisms of structural regulation (pre-oxidation

soft/hard carbon composite and heteroatom doping) and morphological regulation (construction of porous structures and carbon nanofiber membranes) was mainly introduced. The structure-property relationship between microstructure and sodium storage performance and the advantages and disadvantages of various regulation methods were analyzed. Finally

insights into future research directions of asphalt-based carbon anode materials were provided from the perspectives of fundamental science

material design and industrial application

respectively.

关键词

Keywords

references

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