改性活性炭脱除氢气中微量甲醛的性能研究

张瑜; 王秀林; 聂锁府; 周树辉; 郑元爽; 李继聪; 姜伟丽

doi:10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20250268

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改性活性炭脱除氢气中微量甲醛的性能研究

更新时间：2026-02-12

- 改性活性炭脱除氢气中微量甲醛的性能研究
- Study on performance of modified activated carbon for removal of trace formaldehyde from hydrogen
- 低碳化学与化工 2026: 1-9.
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中海石油气电集团技术研发中心，北京 100028
  2.中国石油大学（北京）新能源与材料学院，北京 102249
- 作者简介：
  
  张瑜（1984—），硕士，高级工程师，研究方向为制氢及氢气利用技术，E-mail：zhangyu52@cnooc.com.cn。
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20250268
  中图分类号： TQ028;TE645
- 收稿：2025-06-11，
  
  修回：2025-07-30，
  
  网络首发：2026-02-10，
- 稿件说明：
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张瑜,王秀林,聂锁府等.改性活性炭脱除氢气中微量甲醛的性能研究[J].低碳化学与化工,

ZHANG Yu,WANG Xiulin,NIE Suofu,et al.Study on performance of modified activated carbon for removal of trace formaldehyde from hydrogen[J].Low-Carbon Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
张瑜,王秀林,聂锁府等.改性活性炭脱除氢气中微量甲醛的性能研究[J].低碳化学与化工, DOI：10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20250268.

ZHANG Yu,WANG Xiulin,NIE Suofu,et al.Study on performance of modified activated carbon for removal of trace formaldehyde from hydrogen[J].Low-Carbon Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, DOI：10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20250268.

摘要

化石燃料制氢和工业副产氢等氢源中可能存在微量甲醛，直接使用会缩短氢燃料电池使用寿命。可采用吸附法深度脱除氢气中微量甲醛。制备了系列含氮化合物改性活性炭吸附剂，采用N

吸/脱附、SEM、EDS、EA和FT-IR等手段对吸附

剂进行了表征，并利用固定床反应器对吸附剂吸附性能进行了评价。结果表明，改性后活性炭比表面积和总孔容均不同程度增大，活性炭中氮元素含量增大。含氮化合物改性可提高活性炭甲醛吸附容量，其中2-咪唑烷酮改性活性炭吸附性能最好，吸附容量可达69.15 mg/g。分子模拟结果表明，含氮化合物上氮原子具有较高活性，易与甲醛产生较强作用力，其中2-咪唑烷酮改性活性炭具有最大的甲醛饱和吸附量，其电子密度较高的含氧基团与甲醛分子形成静电相互作用力，从而提高了吸附性能。

Abstract

Trace amounts of formaldehyde may be present in hydrogen derived from fossil fuels and industrial by-product hydrogen sources

and its direct use can shorten the service life of hydrogen fuel cells. Trace formaldehyde in hydrogen can be deeply removed by adsorption. A series of nitrogen-containing compound-modified activated carbon adsorbents were prepared. The adsorbents were characterized by N

adsorption/desorption

SEM

EDS

EA and FT-IR

and their adsorption performance was evaluated using a fixed-bed reactor. The results show that

after modification

the specific surface area and total pore volume of the activated carbon increase to varying degrees

and the nitrogen content in the activated carbon increases. Modification with nitrogen-containing compounds can enhance the formaldehyde adsorption capacity of activated carbon. Among them

activated carbon modified with 2-imidazolidinone exhibits the best adsorption performance

with an adsorption capacity of up to 69.15 mg/g. Molecular simulation results indicate that nitrogen atoms in nitrogen-containing compounds possess high activity and can readily interact strongly with formaldehyde. The 2-imidazolidinone-modified activated carbon exhibits the highest saturated adsorption capacity for formaldehyde

as oxygen-containing groups with high electron density can form electrostatic interactions with formaldehyde molecules

thereby enhancing the adsorption performance.

关键词

Keywords

references

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