CO<sub>2</sub>捕集用胺基吸收剂的研究进展

李珍珍; 徐冬; 杭晨哲; 杜庶铭; 刘扬; 潘冠福

doi:10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20250154

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CO₂捕集用胺基吸收剂的研究进展

CCUS技术 | 更新时间：2026-02-02

- CO₂捕集用胺基吸收剂的研究进展
- Research progress on amine-based absorbents for CO₂ capture
- 低碳化学与化工 2026, 51(1): 120-131.
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国计量科学研究院，北京 100029
  2.国家能源集团新能源技术研究院有限公司，北京 102209
- 作者简介：
  
  李珍珍（2000—），硕士研究生，研究方向为CO2捕集与转化，E-mail：Lizhenzhen0123@qq.com。
  潘冠福（1988—），博士，副研究员，研究方向为碳捕集与转化、催化化学，E-mail：pangf@nim.ac.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划(2022YFF0608102)
- DOI：10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20250154
  中图分类号： TQ028
- 收稿：2025-04-04，
  
  修回：2025-04-18，
  
  纸质出版：2026-01-25
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
李珍珍,徐冬,杭晨哲等.CO₂捕集用胺基吸收剂的研究进展[J].低碳化学与化工,2026,51(1):120-131.

LI Zhenzhen,XU Dong,HANG Chenzhe,et al.Research progress on amine-based absorbents for CO₂ capture[J].Low-Carbon Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,2026,51(1):120-131.
李珍珍,徐冬,杭晨哲等.CO₂捕集用胺基吸收剂的研究进展[J].低碳化学与化工,2026,51(1):120-131. DOI： 10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20250154.

LI Zhenzhen,XU Dong,HANG Chenzhe,et al.Research progress on amine-based absorbents for CO₂ capture[J].Low-Carbon Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,2026,51(1):120-131. DOI： 10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20250154.

摘要

开展CO

捕集是缓解化石能源利用与全球变暖问题之间矛盾的有效途径，胺基吸收剂是CO

捕集（化学吸收法）的主要材料。介绍了胺基吸收剂捕集CO

的机理，对比了不同胺基吸收剂的构成特征及其CO

捕集性能。单组分胺吸收剂制备工艺简单，但存在CO

吸收容量低（0.50~0.53 mol/mol）、再生能耗高（3.5~4.0 GJ/t）等问题。通过引入其他吸收剂形成混合胺吸收剂，可将CO

吸收容量提高至0.706 mol/mol（2-氨基-2-甲基-1-丙醇和N-甲基-4-哌啶醇），并可降低再生能耗、提高经济性。两相吸收剂因仅需加热富相部分，再生能耗低至1.61 GJ/t（2-

氨基-2-甲基-1-丙醇/哌嗪/乙二醇二甲醚），且具有较好的稳定性，发展前景良好。少水（无水）吸收剂在CO

吸收容量方面优势突出，但吸收速率较慢，再生能耗达2.365 GJ/t（二乙烯三胺-三乙醇胺）。以离子液体吸收剂为代表的新型吸收剂，具有良好的CO

捕集性能，能够有效避免传统吸收剂能耗高、降解快、腐蚀设备和成本高等问题，但其距离实际应用仍需进一步研究与验证。本综述可为CO

捕集胺基吸收剂的种类选择和性能提升提供参考。

Abstract

Carrying out CO

capture is an effective approach to mitigating the contradiction between fossil energy utilization and global warming. Amine-based absorbents are the primary materials used for CO

capture via chemical absorption. The mechanism of CO

capture by amine-based absorbents was introduced and the structural characteristics and capture performance of various types were compared. Single-component amine absorbents feature simple preparation processes but suffer from low CO

absorption capacity (from 0.50 mol/mol to 0.53 mol/mol) and high regeneration energy consumption (from 3.5 GJ/t to 4.0 GJ/t). By introducing other absorbents to form mixed amine systems

the CO

absorption capacity can be increased to 0.706 mol/mol (2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol and N-methyl-4-piperidinol)

while reducing regeneration energy consumption and enhancing economic efficiency. Two-phase absorbents require heating only the CO

-rich phase

resulting in a regeneration energy consumption as low as 1.61 GJ/t (2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol/piperazine/ethylene glycol dimethyl ether). They also exhibit good stability and thus show promising development prospects. Low-water (or anhydrous) absorbents exhibit outstanding CO

absorption capacity but slower absorption rates

with regeneration energy consumption reaching 2.365 GJ/t (diethylenetriamine-triethanolamine). Novel absorbents such as ionic liquids show excellent CO

capture performance and can effectively overcome problems associated with traditional absorbents

such as high energy consumption

rapid degradation

equipment corrosion and high cost. However

further research and valid

ation are still required before large-scale application. The review can provide a reference for the selection and performance improvement of amine-based absorbents for CO

capture.

关键词

Keywords

references

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DOI：10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20250154

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CO₂捕集用胺基吸收剂的研究进展

Research progress on amine-based absorbents for CO₂ capture