Research progress of high-value conversion of waste plastics based on pyrolysis technologies

TONG Yibo; LING Jianghua; ZHANG Haigang; CHENG Yuxiang; SUN Wen; DUO Yili; WANG Shuo; WANG Yongjun; LIU Haifeng

doi:10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20250501

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

Research progress of high-value conversion of waste plastics based on pyrolysis technologies

更新时间：2026-05-07

- Research progress of high-value conversion of waste plastics based on pyrolysis technologies
- Pages: 1-15(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.辽宁石油化工大学低碳能源科学与技术研究院，辽宁抚顺 113001
  2.华东理工大学国家能源煤气化技术研发中心，上海 200237
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20250501
  CLC： TQ514
- Received：29 December 2025，
  
  Revised：2026-01-27，
  
  Online First：06 May 2026，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
佟一博,凌江华,张海港等.基于热解技术的废塑料高值转化研究进展[J].低碳化学与化工,

TONG Yibo,LING Jianghua,ZHANG Haigang,et al.Research progress of high-value conversion of waste plastics based on pyrolysis technologies[J].Low-Carbon Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
佟一博,凌江华,张海港等.基于热解技术的废塑料高值转化研究进展[J].低碳化学与化工, DOI：10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20250501.

TONG Yibo,LING Jianghua,ZHANG Haigang,et al.Research progress of high-value conversion of waste plastics based on pyrolysis technologies[J].Low-Carbon Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, DOI：10.12434/j.issn.2097-2547.20250501.

摘要

废塑料的污染治理与资源化循环利用问题已成为全球性挑战，热解是实现废塑料化学回收与高值转化的重要技术路径。从技术发展和产业化视角，综述了废塑料热解技术在基础研究、工艺开发和应用推广等方面的主要进展与挑战。分析了不同类型塑料的热解机理和不同热解技术，归纳了主要热解工艺操作参数对目标产物分布特性的影响。总结了采用废塑料热解技术在制备液态燃料、富氢气体和低碳烯烃方面的成果，并对热解技术产业化示范案例和未来发展进行了探讨。

Abstract

The treatment of pollution caused by waste plastics and their recycling and resource recovery have become global challenges. Pyrolysis is a key technological approach for achieving the chemical recycling and high-value conversion of waste plastics. From the perspectives of technological development and industrialization

the major advances and challenges of fundamental researches

process developments and application promotions of waste plastic pyrolysis technologies were reviewed. The pyrolysis mechanisms of various types of plastics and different pyrolysis technologies were analyzed

and the effects of key operational parameters on the distribution characteristics of target products were summarized. The achievements of pyrolysis technologies for waste plastics in preparation of liquid fuels

hydrogen-rich gases and light olefins were summarized

and industrial demonstration cases and future developments of pyrolysis technologies were discussed.

关键词

Keywords

references

CAO B , SUN Y K , GUO J J , et al . Synergistic effects of co-pyrolysis of macroalgae and polyvinyl chloride on bio-oil/bio-char properties and transferring regularity of chlorine [J ] . Fuel , 2019 , 246 : 319 - 329 .

袁小鲁 , 田宏宇 , 李海岩 , 等 . 废弃塑料化学回收技术进展 [J ] . 化工进展 , 2025 , 44 ( 12 ): 7205 - 7213 .

YUAN X L , TIAN H Y , LI H Y , et al . Advances in chemical recycling technologies for waste plastics [J ] . Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress , 2025 , 44 ( 12 ): 7205 - 7213 .

国金证券基础化工组 . PVC：国内扩产周期进入尾声，供需格局有望迎来改善 [R ] . 成都 : 国金证券股份有限公司 , 2026 .

Guojin Securities Basic Chemicals Research Team . PVC: Domestic capacity expansion cycle nearing its end, supply-demand dynamics expected to improve [R ] . Chengdu : Guojin Securities Co., Ltd. , 2026 .

智研咨询 . 2025年中国聚苯乙烯行业产业链图谱、产能、进出口及未来趋势研判：行业新一轮扩能周期启动，对外依存度下降 [EB/OL ] . ( 2025-06-25 )[ 2025-12-29 ] . https://www.chyxx.com/industry/1227145.html https://www.chyxx.com/industry/1227145.html .

Chyxx . 2025 China polystyrene industry: Industrial chain map, production capacity, imports and exports, and future trends analysis: A new round of capacity expansion begins,reducing reliance on foreign imports [EB/OL ] . ( 2025-06-25 ) [ 2025-12-29 ] . https://www.chyxx.com/industry/1227145.html https://www.chyxx.com/industry/1227145.html .

LANDRIGAN P P J , DUNLOP S P , TRESKOVA M , et al . The lancet countdown on health and plastics [J ] . The Lancet , 2025 , 406 ( 10507 ): 1044 - 1062 .

Plastics Europe . Plastics—The fast facts 2024 [R ] . Brussels : Plastics Europe , 2024 .

United Nations Environment Programme . Global waste management outlook 2024: Beyond an age of waste-turning rubbish into a resource [R ] . Nairobi : United Nations Environment Programme , 2024 .

中研普华产业研究院 . 2025—2030年中国废塑料行业深度调研及发展前景预测报告 [R ] . 深圳 : 中研普华管理咨询有限公司 , 2025 .

China Research & Puhua Industry Consulting Institute . In-depth research and development outlook forecast report on China waste plastic industry, 2025—2030 [R ] . Shenzhen : China Research & Puhua Management Consulting Co., Ltd. , 2025 .

JEHANNO C , AlTY J W , ROOSEN M , et al . Critical advances and future opportunities in upcycling commodity polymers [J ] . Nature , 2022 , 603 ( 7903 ): 803 - 814 .

LAMBA B Y . A review on current technologies for plastic waste treatment with focus on pyrolysis for energy recovery [J ] . Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis , 2025 , 192 : 107301 .

WEI X Y , ZHANG Q , SHEN C F , et al . Tandem oxidative and thermal cracking of polypropylene at low temperatures [J ] . Materials Horizons , 2023 , 10 ( 9 ): 3694 - 3701 .

赵洁 , 宋春玲 , 叶红 , 等 . 废塑料回收与资源化现状进展 [J ] . 广州化工 , 2024 , 52 ( 21 ): 168 - 171 .

ZHAO J , SONG C L , YE H , et al . Research progress on recycling and resource utilization of waste plastics [J ] . Guangzhou Chemical Industry , 2024 , 52 ( 21 ): 168 - 171 .

张丁超 , 安兴璇 , 杜昭 , 等 . 废塑料微波热解研究进展 [J ] . 化工环保 , 2025 , 45 ( 6 ): 749 - 760 .

ZHANG D C , AN X X , DU Z , et al . Research progress on microwave pyrolysis of waste plastics [J ] . Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection , 2025 , 45 ( 6 ): 749 - 760 .

WONG S L , NGADI N , ABDULLAH T A T , et al . Conversion of low density polyethylene (LDPE) over ZSM-5 zeolite to liquid fuel [J ] . Fuel , 2017 , 192 : 71 - 82 .

PENG Y J , WANG X F , FAN L L , et al . Conversion of low-density polyethylene into monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons through continuous microwave pyrolysis with ex-situ dual-catalyst beds [J ] . Journal of Cleaner Production , 2023 , 418 : 138039 .

DENG J Q , YI B J , MASEK O , et al . Co-pyrolysis of biomass and plastic waste into carbon materials with environmental applications: A critical review [J ] . Green Chemistry , 2025 , 27 ( 22 ): 6320 - 6341 .

RAHIMI A , GARCIA J M . Chemical recycling of waste plastics for new materials production [J ] . Nature Reviews Chemistry , 2017 , 1 ( 6 ): 46 .

RAN H C , ZHANG S , NI W Y , et al . Precise activation of C—C bonds for recycling and upcycling of plastics [J ] . Chemical Science , 2024 , 15 ( 3 ): 795 - 831 .

姚璐 , 朱建华 , 武本成 , 等 . 废塑料的热解及工业应用现状 [J ] . 工程塑料应用 , 2025 , 53 ( 3 ): 174 - 180 .

YAO L , ZHU J H , WU B C , et al . Pyrolysis and industrial application of waste plastics [J ] . Engineering Plastics Applications , 2025 , 53 ( 3 ): 174 - 180 .

ABBAS-ABADI M S , UREEL Y , ESCHENBACHER A , et al . Challenges and opportunities of light olefin production via thermal and catalytic pyrolysis of end-of-life polyolefins: Towards full recyclability [J ] . Progress in Energy and Combustion Science , 2023 , 96 : 101046 .

HUJURI U , GHOSHAL A K , GUMMA S . Temperature-dependent pyrolytic product evolution profile for low-density polyethylene from gas chromatographic study [J ] . Waste Management , 2010 , 30 ( 5 ): 814 - 820 .

UDDIN M B , RASUL M G , CHOWDHURY A A , et al . Hydrogen production from plastic waste pyrolysis syngas: A review on progresses and challenges [J ] . International Journal of Hydrogen Energy , 2025 , 158 : 150512 .

SINGH R K , RUJ B , SADHUKHAN A K , et al . Impact of fast and slow pyrolysis on the degradation of mixed plastic waste: Product yield analysis and their characterization [J ] . Journal of the Energy Institute , 2019 , 92 ( 6 ): 1647 - 1657 .

CHEN L , CHANG F L , HE G J , et al . Laser-driven superfast-heating and quenching approach to selectively upcycle waste polyolefin into long-chain terminal alkenes and functionalization [J ] . Advanced Functional Materials , 2026 , 36 ( 13 ): e14837 .

KUSENBERG M , ESCHENBACHER A , DJOKIC M R , et al . Opportunities and challenges for the application of post-consumer plastic waste pyrolysis oils as steam cracker feedstocks: To decontaminate or not to decontaminate? [J ] . Waste Management , 2022 , 138 : 83 - 115 .

RADHAKRISHNAN K , KUMAR P S , RANGASAMY G , et al . A critical review on pyrolysis method as sustainable conversion of waste plastics into fuels [J ] . Fuel , 2023 , 337 : 126890 .

ZAYOUD A , THI H D , KUSENBERG M , et al . Pyrolysis of end-of-life polystyrene in a pilot-scale reactor: Maximizing styrene production [J ] . Waste Management , 2022 , 139 : 85 - 95 .

NAHVI M , KOOHI A D , SEDIGHI M . Thermodynamic analysis and technoeconomic assessment of fluid catalytic cracking unit in the oil refining process [J ] . Journal of Cleaner Production , 2023 , 413 : 137447 .

WANG S , SUN Y , SHAN R , et al . Polypropylene pyrolysis and steam reforming over Fe-based catalyst supported on activated carbon for the production of hydrogen-rich syngas [J ] . Carbon Resources Conversion , 2023 , 6 ( 3 ): 173 - 182 .

HU B , WANG S , YAN J B , et al . Review of waste plastics treatment and utilization: Efficient conversion and high value utilization [J ] . Process Safety and Environmental Protection , 2024 , 183 : 378 - 398 .

CHANDRAN M , TAMILKOLUNDU S , MURUGESAN C . Conversion of plastic waste to fuel [J ] . Plastic Waste and Recycling , 2020 , 33 : 385 - 399 .

AUXILIO A R , CHOO W L , KOHLI I , et al . An experimental study on thermo-catalytic pyrolysis of plastic waste using a continuous pyrolyser [J ] . Waste Management , 2017 , 67 : 143 - 154 .

QIU Z T , LIN S Y , CHEN Z , et al . A reusable, impurity-tolerant and noble metal-free catalyst for hydrocracking of waste polyolefins [J ] . Science Advances , 2023 , 9 ( 25 ): e5332 .

BHUSHAN D , HOODA S , MONDAL P . Co-pyrolysis of biomass and plastic wastes and application of machine learning for modelling of the process: A comprehensive review [J ] . Journal of the Energy Institute , 2025 , 119 : 101973 .

NAWAZ A , RAZZAK S A . Co-pyrolysis of biomass and different plastic waste to reduce hazardous waste and subsequent production of energy products: A review on advancement, synergies, and future prospects [J ] . Renewable Energy , 2024 , 224 : 120103 .

GIAMMATTEI P , KAROD M , DARZI R , et al . Pyrolysis of Co-hydrothermally pretreated LDPE and straw for enhanced bio-oil recovery from agricultural plastic waste [J ] . Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis , 2025 , 191 : 107184 .

CHANG W Y , WANG X T , XIE X Y , et al . Recent progress on the synergistic preparation of liquid fuels by co-pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass and plastic wastes [J ] . Journal of the Energy Institute , 2025 , 119 : 102019 .

欧阳萍 , 李晋楼 . 废塑料热解制燃料技术研究进展 [J/OL ] . 化工进展 , 1 - 14 [ 2025-12-29 ] . https://doi.org/10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2025-1237 https://doi.org/10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2025-1237 .

OU Y P , LI J L . Advances in pyrolysis of plastic wastes to fuel [J/OL ] . Chemical Engineering Advances , 1 - 14 [ 2025-12-29 ] . https://doi.org/10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2025-1237 https://doi.org/10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2025-1237 .

MIAO Y X , ZHAO Y X , WATERHOUSE G I N , et al . Photothermal recycling of waste polyolefin plastics into liquid fuels with high selectivity under solvent-free conditions [J ] . Nature Communications , 2023 , 14 : 4242 .

GAO J Y , ZHAO J , XING Z R , et al . Microwave-powered liquid metal degradation of polyolefins [J ] . Advanced Materials , 2025 , 37 ( 6 ): 2412539 .

AMINU I , NAHIL M A , WILLIAMS P T . Pyrolysis-plasma/catalytic reforming of post-consumer waste plastics for hydrogen production [J ] . Catalysis Today , 2023 , 420 : 114084 .

FAN S C , ZHANG Y , LIU T , et al . Microwave-assisted pyrolysis of polystyrene for aviation oil production [J ] . Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis , 2022 , 162 : 105425 .

ISLAM K M O , AHMAD N , UMMER A C , et al . Microwave-assisted pyrolysis of waste plastics: A comprehensive review on process parameters, catalysts, and future prospects [J ] . Results in Engineering , 2025 , 26 : 105571 .

MA Q , GAO Y J , SUN B , et al . Grave-to-cradle dry reforming of plastics via Joule heating [J ] . Nature Communications , 2024 , 15 ( 1 ): 8243 .

DONG Q , LELE A D , ZHAO X P , et al . Depolymerization of plastics by means of electrified spatiotemporal heating [J ] . Nature , 2023 , 616 ( 7957 ): 488 - 494 .

吕行 , 李凤 , 李淑清 , 等 . 催化热解废塑料实现资源化利用研究进展 [J ] . 低碳化学与化工 , 2025 , 50 ( 10 ): 47 - 55 .

LV X , LI F , LI S Q , et al . Research progress on catalytic pyrolysis waste plastics for resource utilization [J ] . Low-Carbon Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , 2025 , 50 ( 10 ): 47 - 55 .

WU X T , LIU X Y , SONG Y , et al . A minimalist design for a dual-catalyst system for high-efficiency conversion of waste plastics into liquid fuel products [J ] . Journal of the American Chemical Society , 2025 , 147 ( 25 ): 21907 - 21915 .

CEN Z Y , HAN X , LIN L F , et al . Upcycling of polyethylene to gasoline through a self-supplied hydrogen strategy in a layered self-pillared zeolite [J ] . Nature Chemistry , 2024 , 16 ( 6 ): 871 - 880 .

ZHANG F , ZENG M , YAPPERT R D , et al . Polyethylene upcycling to long-chain alkylaromatics by tandem hydrogenolysis/aromatization [J ] . Science , 2020 , 370 ( 6515 ): 437 - 441 .

ZHANG W , KIM S , WAHL L , et al . Low-temperature upcycling of polyolefins into liquid alkanes via tandem cracking-alkylation [J ] . Science , 2023 , 379 ( 6634 ): 807 - 811 .

JIE X Y , LI W S , SLOCOMBE D , et al . Microwave-initiated catalytic deconstruction of plastic waste into hydrogen and high-value carbons [J ] . Nature Catalysis , 2020 , 3 ( 11 ): 902 - 912 .

WANG S X , SUN Y B , SHAN R , et al . Polypropylene pyrolysis and steam reforming over Fe-based catalyst supported on activated carbon for the production of hydrogen-rich syngas [J ] . Carbon Resources Conversion , 2023 , 6 ( 3 ): 173 - 182 .

YAO D D , YANG H P , CHEN H P , et al . Co-precipitation, impregnation and so-gel preparation of Ni catalysts for pyrolysis-catalytic steam reforming of waste plastics [J ] . Applied Catalysis B: Environmental , 2018 , 239 : 565 - 577 .

SELVAM E , YU K W , NGU J , et al . Recycling polyolefin plastic waste at short contact times via rapid joule heating [J ] . Nature Communications , 2024 , 15 ( 1 ): 5662 .

ZHAO J , LIU B N , XIONG L Q , et al . Highly selective upcycling of plastic mixture waste by microwave-assisted catalysis over Zn/b-ZnO [J ] . Nature Communications , 2025 , 16 ( 1 ): 1726 .

CONK R J , STAHLER J F , SHI J X , et al . Polyolefin waste to light olefins with ethylene and base-metal heterogeneous catalysts [J ] . Science , 2024 , 385 ( 6715 ): 1322 - 1327 .

LIU Y Y , MA B , TIAN J Q , et al . Coupled conversion of polyethylene and carbon dioxide catalyzed by a zeolite-metal oxide system [J ] . Science Advances , 2024 , 10 ( 15 ): eadn0252 .

ANUAR S S D , ABNISA F , WAN DAUD W M A , et al . A review on pyrolysis of plastic wastes [J ] . Energy Conversion and Management , 2016 , 115 : 308 - 326 .

ZHANG H W , CHEN H , LI Y C , et al . Boosting light olefin production from pyrolysis of low-density polyethylene: A two-stage catalytic process [J ] . Journal of the Energy Institute , 2024 , 117 : 101872 .

KIM J K , SONG S H , KIM D K , et al . Characteristics of waxy oils from the pyrolysis of waste polyethylene and polypropylene using a new-type fluidized bed reactor [J ] . Journal of Environmental Management , 2025 , 396 : 128179 .

KAMINSKY W . Chemical recycling of plastics by fluidized bed pyrolysis [J ] . Fuel Communications , 2021 , 8 : 100023 .

KIM J K , PARK K B , KIM D K , et al . Direct production of olefins from waste plastic using a pyrolysis and fluid catalytic cracking integrated process: Part 1. Study on the production and analysis of waxy oil obtained using a new type of a fluidized bed reactor [J ] . Energy , 2024 , 306 : 132420 .

HASAN M M , RASUL M G , JAHIRUL M I , et al . Characterization of pyrolysis oil produced from organic and plastic wastes using an auger reactor [J ] . Energy Conversion and Management , 2023 , 278 : 116723 .

QURESHI M S , OASMAA A , PIHKOLA H , et al . Pyrolysis of plastic waste: Opportunities and challenges [J ] . Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis , 2020 , 152 : 104804 .

ZHANG Y , JI G , CHEN C , et al . Liquid oils produced from pyrolysis of plastic wastes with heat carrier in rotary kiln [J ] . Fuel Processing Technology , 2020 , 206 : 106455 .

王红秋 , 付凯妹 . 新形势下我国废塑料回收利用产业现状与思考 [J ] . 塑料工业 , 2022 , 50 ( 6 ): 38 - 42 .

WANG H Q , FU K M . Status and thinking of plastic wastes recycling industry in China under the new situation [J ] . China Plastics Industry , 2022 , 50 ( 6 ): 38 - 42 .

APICELLA B , CERCIELLO F , MIGLIACCIO R , et al . Chemical characterization of liquid products from the pyrolysis of plastic wastes [J ] . Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis , 2025 , 190 : 107153 .

HASAN M M , RASUL M G , JAHIRUL M I , et al . An Aspen plus process simulation model for exploring the feasibility and profitability of pyrolysis process for plastic waste management [J ] . Journal of Environmental Management , 2024 , 355 : 120557 .

王冠宇 . 塑料固废热解特性及协同转化研究 [D ] . 杭州 : 浙江大学 , 2023 .

WANG G Y . Study on the pyrolysis characteristics and synergistic conversion of plastic solid waste [D ] . Hangzhou : Zhejiang University , 2023 .

于丹 , 张彦军 , 杜闰萍 , 等 . 一种废塑料热解产物完全利用的系统及方法 : 119912959A [P ] . 2025-05-02 .

YU D , ZHANG Y J , DU R P , et al . A system and method for complete utilization of pyrolysis products of plastic wastes : 119912959A [P ] . 2025-05-02 .

陈强 , 徐英志 , 张金庆 , 等 . 一种用于混合废塑料轻重分离的气流干燥塔 : 120488694A [P ] . 2025-08-15 .

CHEN Q , XU Y Z , ZHANG J Q , et al . An airflow drying tower for light and heavy separation of mixed plastic wastes : 120488694A [P ] . 2025-08-15 .

黄丽敏 , 程钰丹 , 程薇 . 废塑料化学循环产业链建设分析 [J ] . 石油石化绿色低碳 , 2024 , 9 ( 5 ): 21 - 29 .

HUANG L M , CHENG Y D , CHENG W . Building of chemical recycling induetry chain for plastic waste [J ] . Green Petroleum & Petrochemicals , 2024 , 9 ( 5 ): 21 - 29 .

佛山市发展和改革局 . 全国生态日：佛山绿色实践典型案例 [EB/OL ] . ( 2025-08-18 )[ 2025-12-29 ] . https://fsdr.foshan.gov.cn/gkmlpt/content/6/6689/post_6689490.html#68 https://fsdr.foshan.gov.cn/gkmlpt/content/6/6689/post_6689490.html#68 .

Foshan Municipal Bureau of Development and Reform . National Ecology Day: Exemplary cases of green practices in Foshan [EB/OL ] . ( 2025-08-18 )[ 2025-12-29 ] . https://fsdr.foshan.gov.cn/gkmlpt/content/6/6689/post_6689490.html#68 https://fsdr.foshan.gov.cn/gkmlpt/content/6/6689/post_6689490.html#68 .

Views

下载量

CNKI被引量

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

Study on co-pyrolysis characteristics and kinetics of torrefied biomass-polyethylene plastic mixtures and bituminous coal

Research progress on catalytic pyrolysis waste plastics for resource utilization

Study on project current situation and industry development of CCUS in domestic oil and gas enterprises

Related Author

LI Wen

HAN Bin

LIU Mengjie

BAI Jin

WANG Xuetao

XING Lili

LI Haojie

HUANG Yu

Related Institution

School of Vehicle and Traffic Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology

Longmen Laboratory

Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Qingdao Huicheng Environmental Technology Company Limited

Qingdao Huicheng Xin De New Material Research Institute Company Limited

Postal code：610225
Tel：028-85964717 Email：236764603@qq.com
Technical support is provided by Beijing Founder electronics co., LTD 蜀ICP备12008600号-10 蜀公网安备51012202001533
It is recommended to read the content of this site in Chrome&IE9+. Please switch to extreme mode in browser 360.
Cookies We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. By continuing, you agree to the use of cookies.
Total Visits：424846 Visits Today：262

⁰